Ubuncwane benkcubeko yaseTshayina-iDragon Boat Festival
IDragon Boat Festival, eyaziwa ngokuba yiDuan Yang Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, kunye neChong Wu Festival, yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwimithendeleko yemveli yesizwe saseTshayina. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubhiyozelwa ngosuku lwesihlanu lwenyanga yesihlanu rhoqo ngonyaka. Ngo-2009, i-UNESCO yadwelisa uMnyhadala we-Dragon Boat njengelifa lenkcubeko engaphathekiyo yoluntu, ebonisa ukuba lo mnyhadala awungowaseTshayina kuphela, kodwa nobutyebi obuxabisekileyo benkcubeko yalo lonke uluntu. I-Dragon Boat Festival inembali ende kwaye idibanisa iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentsingiselo zenkcubeko ezifana nedini, isikhumbuzo, intsikelelo, kunye nokugcinwa kwempilo, ebonisa umoya otyebileyo kunye nonzulu wemveli yesizwe saseTshayina.
1. Imvelaphi yomnyhadala: ukukhumbula iQu Yuan kunye nokubonakalisa usizi
Eyona ntetho isasazwe ngokubanzi malunga nemvelaphi yoMnyhadala weSikhephe seDragon kukukhumbulaQu Yuan
, imbongi enkulu yokuthanda izwe yeChu State ngexesha leXesha leMfazwe. UQu Yuan wayenyanisekile kumlawuli kwaye ethanda ilizwe kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, kodwa wagxothwa ngenxa yokunyeliswa. Xa i-Chu State yatshatyalaliswayo, wayebuhlungu ngenxa yokuba ilizwe lakhe laphukile kwaye abantu bahlukene, waza wazibulala ngokutsibela kuMlambo iMiluo ngomhla wesihlanu kwinyanga yesihlanu. Abantu basekuhlaleni baba buhlungu gqitha bakuva ezi ndaba, yaye babheqa amaphenyane ukuze basindise umzimba wakhe baza baphosa amadombolo erayisi emlanjeni ukuze iintlanzi neembaza zingawutyi umzimba wakhe. Le ntsomi idluliselwe phantsi kangangamawaka eminyaka kwaye iye yaba luphawu lwenkcubeko engundoqo yoMnyhadala weSikhephe esiXhwatshazayo – umoya wokunyaniseka nokuthand’ izwe.
Ukongeza, uMnyhadala weSikhephe seDragon unokubandakanya isiko lakudala lasehlotyeni "lokugxotha ityhefu kunye nokuphepha imimoya emdaka". Inyanga yesihlanu yekhalenda yenyanga ibizwa ngokuba "yinyanga embi". Abantu bamandulo babekholelwa ukuba isibetho nezinambuzane ezinetyhefu zazixhaphakile ngeli xesha, ngoko babeza kukhupha imimoya engendawo baze baphephe iintlekele ngokufaka imugwort, icalamus ejingayo, ukusela iwayini yerealgar, nokunxiba iingxowa, nto leyo ethetha uxolo nempilo.
2. Amasiko oMnyhadala: ubulumko bobomi benkcubeko
Amasiko emveli oMnyhadala weSikhephe esineDragon atyebileyo kwaye anemibalabala, agqithiselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana, kwaye asamiliselwe nzulu ezintliziyweni zabantu.
Dragon Boat Racing
I-Dragon Boat Racing yenye yezona zinto zimele kakhulu kwi-Dragon Boat Festival, ngakumbi kwiidolophu zamanzi zaseJiangnan, eGuangdong, eTaiwan nakwezinye iindawo. Abantu ababheqa izikhephe zedragoni ezimile kakuhle emilanjeni, emachibini naselwandle ayisosikhumbuzo sokuzibulala kukaQu Yuan kuphela, kodwa ikwaluphawu lwenkcubeko yentsebenziswano edibeneyo kunye nomoya wokulwa ngenkalipho. Umdyarho wamaphenyane wanamhlanje uye waphuhla waba ngumsitho wezemidlalo wezizwe ngezizwe, usasaza amandla omoya omanyano lwesizwe saseTshayina, intsebenziswano kunye nokuzabalazela inkqubela.
Ukutya Zongzi
IZongzi kukutya kwesintu kuMnyhadala weSikhephe seDragon. Yenziwe ngerayisi e-glutinous esongelwe kunye nemihla ebomvu, intlama yeembotyi, inyama entsha, iqanda leqanda kunye nokunye ukuzaliswa, isongelwe ngamagqabi e-zong kwaye emva koko yafakwa ngomphunga. IZongzi kwingingqi ezahlukeneyo zinencasa ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, uninzi lwazo luswiti emantla, ngoxa lunetyuwa emazantsi. Ukutya iZongzi akwanelisi nje incasa, kodwa kuthwala inkumbulo yabantu ngeQu Yuan kunye nokubuxabisa kwabo ubomi bokuhlangana kwakhona.
I-mugwort ejingayo kwaye inxibe iingxowa
Ngexesha le-Dragon Boat Festival, abantu bahlala befaka i-mugwort kunye ne-calamus emnyango, oku kuthetha ukugxotha imimoya engendawo kunye nokuphepha iintlekele, ukucoca nokuphelisa isibetho. Ukunxiba i-sachets kukwadume kakhulu. Iingxowa ziqulethe iindidi zeziqholo okanye amayeza aseShayina, angakwazi ukugxotha kuphela izinambuzane kunye nokukhusela izifo, kodwa aneentsingiselo ezintle. Ezi zithethe zibonisa ubulumko bamandulo ukulandela indalo kunye nokukhuthaza impilo.
Ukuxhoma imisonto yesilika emibalabala kunye nokubopha iintambo ezintlanu ezinetyhefu
Izandla zabantwana, amaqatha, neentamo zabo zibotshelelwe ngemisonto yesilika enemibala-bala, ebizwa ngokuba “ziintambo ezinemibala emihlanu” okanye “iintambo zobomi obude”, ezifuzisela ukugxotha imimoya engendawo nokuthandazela iintsikelelo, uxolo nempilo.
3. Ixabiso leNkcubeko: Iimvakalelo zeNtsapho kunye neLizwe kunye nokuNakekelwa koBomi
I-Dragon Boat Festival ayingomnyhadala nje kuphela, kodwa ikwalifa lomoya wenkcubeko. Ayithwali kuphela inkumbulo yokunyaniseka nokuthembeka kukaQu Yuan, kodwa ikwavakalisa iminqweno emihle yabantu ngempilo noxolo. Ekudityanisweni "komthendeleko" kunye "nesithethe", usapho lwesizwe saseTshayina kunye nelizwe iimvakalelo, ukuziphatha kunye nobulumko bendalo bunokudluliselwa kwisizukulwana ukuya kwesinye.
Kuluntu lwangoku, uMnyhadala weSikhephe seDragon liqhina lesazisi senkcubeko kunye nomanyano lweemvakalelo. Nokuba kusezidolophini okanye ezilalini, nokuba kubahlali baseTshayina basekhaya okanye baphesheya kolwandle, uMnyhadala weSikhephe seDragon lithuba elibalulekileyo lokudibanisa iintliziyo zabantu baseTshayina. Ngokwenza amadombolo erayisi ngesandla, ukuthatha inxaxheba kugqatso lwamaphenyane edragoni okanye ukuxelela amabali kaQu Yuan, abantu abaqhubeki nje nesiko, kodwa baphinde bakhumbule ubuni benkcubeko namandla omoya amiliselwe egazini lesizwe samaTshayina.
4.Isiphelo
I-Dragon Boat Festival, umnyhadala wemveli othatha amawaka eminyaka, yiperile yenkcubeko eqaqambileyo kwimbali ende yesizwe saseTshayina. Akuyona nje umthendeleko, kodwa kunye nelifa lomoya kunye namandla enkcubeko. Kwixesha elitsha, uMnyhadala weSikhephe seDragon uvuselele amandla, kwaye usikhumbuza ukuba sixabise inkcubeko, sihloniphe imbali, kunye nelifa lomoya. Masithi, phakathi kwevumba elimnandi lamadombolo erayisi kunye nesandi samagubu, ngokudibeneyo sikhusele ukuzithemba kwenkcubeko kunye nekhaya lomoya lesizwe saseTshayina.