Indima ephambili yepowder ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza kwizixhobo ezichasayo
Igama elithi silicon carbide powder livakala liqinile. Ngokwenyani luhlobo oluthile lwei-silicon carbide (i-SiC), enyibilikiswa kwiidigri ezingaphezu kwama-2000 kwisithando sokumelana nezinto eziluhlaza ezifana nesanti ye-quartz kunye ne-petroleum coke. Yahlukile kwi-commoni-silicon carbide emnyama, inolawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokunyibilikisa, inezingcola ezimbalwa kakhulu kunye nobumsulwa obuphezulu bekristale, ngoko ke inika umbala oluhlaza okanye oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka owahlukileyo. Olu "bumsulwa" luyinika ubulukhuni obuphantse bugqithise (ubulukhuni beMohs bufikelela kwi-9.2-9.3, bulandela idayimani kunye ne-boron carbide kuphela) kunye nokuqhuba kobushushu okugqwesileyo kakhulu kunye namandla obushushu aphezulu. Kwindawo yezinto ezichaseneyo, "lithambo eliqinileyo" elinokumelana, ukulwa, ukufudumala kunye nokwakha.
Ngoko ke, le mpuphu eluhlaza ingabonisa njani amandla ayo kwihlabathi elinzima lezinto ezichaseneyo kwaye ibe "yindoda ebalulekileyo" eyimfuneko?
Phucula amandla kwaye uphose “amathambo entsimbi” ashushu kakhulu: Izinto ezirhabaxa zoyika kakhulu “ukungakwazi ukumelana” namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, zithambe kwaye zidilike.Umgubo omncinci we-silicon carbide eluhlazainobunzima obuphezulu kakhulu kwaye inamandla aphezulu obushushu obuphezulu. Ukuyifaka kwii-castable ezahlukeneyo ezirhabaxa, izinto zokugquma okanye izitena kufana nokongeza i-mesh yentsimbi enamandla aphezulu kwikhonkrithi. Ingenza umqolo oqinileyo oxhasayo kwi-matrix, ixhathise kakhulu ukuguquguquka nokuthamba kwezinto phantsi komthwalo wobushushu obuphezulu. Ii-castables ze-blast furnace iron channel yesityalo esikhulu sentsimbi zazisebenzisa izixhobo eziqhelekileyo ngaphambili, ezathi zatshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza, izinga lokuhamba kwentsimbi alizange linyuswe, kwaye ukugcinwa rhoqo kwalibazisa imveliso. Kamva, kwenziwa uphuhliso lobuchwephesha, kwaye umlinganiseloi-micropowder eluhlaza ye-silicon carbide yanda kakhulu. “Hee, iyamangalisa!” Umlawuli weworkshop kamva wakhumbula, “Xa kwafakwa izinto ezintsha, intsimbi enyibilikisiweyo yadlula, icala lomjelo ngokucacileyo ‘lalityiwe’, izinga lokuhamba kwentsimbi lajika laya phezulu, kwaye inani lamaxesha okugcinwa lancitshiswa ngaphezu kwesiqingatha, kwaye ukonga konke bekuyimali yokwenyani!” Olu kuqina lusisiseko sobomi bezixhobo ezishushu kakhulu.
Phucula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kwaye ufake "isinki yobushushu" kwizinto: Okukhona izinto ezithintela ubushushu zisanda, kokukhona zingcono! Kwiindawo ezifana neengcango ze-oven ze-coke kunye neendonga ze-aluminium electrolytic cell side, izinto ngokwazo kufuneka zikhawuleze ziqhube ubushushu bangaphakathi ukuthintela ubushushu bendawo ukuba bungabi phezulu kakhulu kwaye bonakaliswe. Ukuhanjiswa kobushushu be-silicon carbide micropowder eluhlaza ngokuqinisekileyo "ngumfundi ogqwesileyo" phakathi kwezinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi (i-coefficient yokuhanjiswa kobushushu begumbi ingafikelela ngaphezulu kwe-125 W/m·K, ephindwe kaninzi kunezitena zodongwe eziqhelekileyo). Ukuyifaka kwizinto ezithintela ubushushu kwindawo ethile kufana nokufaka "umbhobho wobushushu" osebenzayo kwizinto, onokuphucula kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kobushushu ngokubanzi, uncede ubushushu buphele ngokukhawuleza nangokulinganayo, kwaye kuthintele ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokuxobuka okanye umonakalo obangelwa "kukutsha kwentliziyo".
Yomeleza ukumelana nobushushu kwaye uphuhlise amandla "okuhlala uzolile xa kukho utshintsho": Enye yezona "zibulala" izinto ezichasayo kukupholisa nokufudumeza ngokukhawuleza. Isithando somlilo siyavulwa sivalwe, kwaye ubushushu buyatshintshatshintsha ngamandla, kwaye izinto eziqhelekileyo kulula "ukuziqhumisa" kwaye zixobuke.Ikhabhayithi yesilicon eluhlazaI-micropowder ine-coefficient encinci yokwandisa ubushushu kunye nokuqhuba kobushushu okukhawulezayo, okunokulinganisela ngokukhawuleza uxinzelelo olubangelwa kukutshintsha kobushushu. Ukuyifaka kwinkqubo yokuchasana kunokuphucula kakhulu amandla ezinto zokumelana notshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu, oko kukuthi, "ukumelana nokutshayiswa kobushushu". I-oven mouth iron castable ye-samente rotary kiln ijongene nokutshayiswa okubandayo nobushushu, kwaye ubomi bayo obufutshane bube yingxaki ende. Injineli yokwakha i-oven enamava indixelele oku: "Ukususela oko kusetyenziswe ii-castables ezinamandla aphezulu kunye ne-green silicon carbide micropowder njenge-aggregate ephambili kunye ne-powder, isiphumo sibe ngoko nangoko. Xa umoya obandayo uvuthuza xa i-oven imiswa ukuze ilungiswe, ezinye iindawo ziyaqhekeka, kodwa le nto yomlomo we-oven iqinile kwaye izinzile, kwaye kukho ukuqhekeka okuncinci komphezulu. Emva komjikelo, ilahleko iyancipha ngokucacileyo, isindisa imizamo emininzi yokulungisa!" Olu "xolo" lokujongana nokunyuka nokwehla kwimveliso.
Kubai-micropowder eluhlaza ye-silicon carbide Idibanisa amandla aphezulu, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu okuphezulu, ukumelana nokutsha kobushushu okugqwesileyo, kunye nokumelana nokukhukuliseka okunamandla, ibe "ngumlingani womphefumlo" ekuqulunqweni kwezinto zanamhlanje ezichasene nokusebenza okuphezulu. Ukusuka kwiifutha zokuqhuma, ii-converters, imisele yentsimbi, kunye neetanki ze-torpedo kwi-metallurgy yentsimbi kunye nentsimbi ukuya kwiiseli ze-electrolytic kwi-metallurgy engeyiyo i-ferrous; ukusuka kwiindawo eziphambili zee-kilns zesamente kunye nee-kilns zeglasi kushishino lwezixhobo zokwakha ukuya kwii-kilns ezitshabalalisa kakhulu kumacandelo oshishino lweekhemikhali, amandla ombane, kunye nokutshisa inkunkuma, kunye nokugalela iikomityi kunye nezitena zentsimbi ezihambayo zokubumba... Naphi na apho kukho ubushushu obuphezulu, ukuguguleka, utshintsho olukhawulezileyo, kunye nokukhukuliseka, le micropowder eluhlaza iyasebenza. Ifakwe buthule kuzo zonke izitena ezichaseneyo kunye nesikwere ngasinye se-castable, inika ukhuseleko oluqinileyo "kwintliziyo" yoshishino - ii-kilns ezishushu kakhulu.
Kakade ke, "ukulinywa" kwe-green silicon carbide micropowder ngokwayo akulula. Ukususela ekukhetheni izinto eziluhlaza, ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwenkqubo yokunyibilikisa isithando somlilo (ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa kunye nohlaza), ukuya ekutyumzeni, ekugayeni, ekukhupheni nasekungcoleni, ukuhlelwa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-hydraulic okanye ukuhamba komoya, ukuya ekupakishweni okungqongqo ngokwendlela yokusasazwa kwesuntswana (ukusuka kwi-microns ezimbalwa ukuya kumakhulu ee-microns), inyathelo ngalinye linxulumene nokusebenza okuzinzileyo kwemveliso yokugqibela. Ngokukodwa, ubunyulu, ukusasazwa kwesuntswana kunye nokuma kwesuntswana ye-micropowder kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusasazeka kwayo kunye nesiphumo kwizixhobo ezichasayo. Kunokuthiwa i-green silicon carbide micropowder esemgangathweni ophezulu ngokwayo yimveliso yokudibanisa ubuchwepheshe kunye nobugcisa.