Inkqubo yoLungiselelo kunye noBuchule bobuchwephesha bomgubo we-Aluminium Oxide
Xa kufikwa kuumgubo we-alumina, abantu abaninzi banokuziva bengayazi. Kodwa xa kufikwa kwizikrini zeefowuni esizisebenzisa yonke imihla, iingubo zeseramikhi kwiinqwelo zikaloliwe ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu, kwaneethayile zokuthintela ubushushu zeenqanawa zasesibhakabhakeni, ubukho bale mpuphu imhlophe bubalulekile emva kwezi mveliso zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Njenge "zinto ezisetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela" kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso, inkqubo yokulungiselela i-aluminium oxide powder iye yatshintsha kakhulu kwinkulungwane edlulileyo. Umbhali wakha wasebenza kwindawo ethile.i-aluminaishishini lemveliso kangangeminyaka emininzi waza wabona ngamehlo akhe ukutsiba kobuchwepheshe kwale shishini ukusuka “ekwenzeni intsimbi yesintu” ukuya ekuveliseni ngobuchule.
I. “Ii-Axes Ezintathu” Zobuchule Bemveli
Kwiworkshop yokulungiselela i-alumina, iingcali ezinamava zihlala zisithi, “Ukuze umntu abandakanyeke kwimveliso ye-alumina, kufuneka abe nobuchule kwiiseti ezintathu zezakhono ezibalulekileyo.” Oku kubhekisa kwiindlela ezintathu zemveli: inkqubo yeBayer, inkqubo yokusila kunye nenkqubo edibeneyo. Inkqubo yeBayer ifana nokupheka amathambo kwisitya sokupheka soxinzelelo, apho i-alumina kwi-bauxite inyibilika kwisisombululo se-alkaline ngobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngo-2018, xa sasilungisa umgca omtsha wemveliso eYunnan, ngenxa yokuphambuka kolawulo loxinzelelo lwe-0.5MPa, ukwenziwa kwekristale kwembiza yonke ye-slurry kwasilela, nto leyo eyabangela ukulahleka ngokuthe ngqo kwe-200,000 yuan.
Indlela yokusila ifana kakhulu nendlela abantu basemantla abenza ngayo iinoodles. Ifuna ukuba i-bauxite kunye ne-limestone "zixutywe" ngokulinganisela kwaye "zibhakwe" kubushushu obuphezulu kwi-oven ejikelezayo. Khumbula ukuba uMaster Zhang kwi-workshop unekhono elikhethekileyo. Ngokujonga nje umbala welangatye, unokufumanisa ubushushu ngaphakathi kwi-oven ngempazamo engadluli kwi-10℃. Le "ndlela yesintu" yamava aqokelelweyo ayizange ithathelwe indawo ziinkqubo zemifanekiso yobushushu ye-infrared de kwaba ngunyaka ophelileyo.
Indlela edibeneyo idibanisa iimpawu zezimbini zangaphambili. Umzekelo, xa kusenziwa i-hot pot ye-yin-yang, zombini iindlela ze-acidic kunye ne-alkaline zenziwa ngaxeshanye. Le nkqubo ifanelekile ngokukodwa ekucubungulweni kwee-ore ezikumgangatho ophantsi. Ishishini elithile kwiPhondo laseShanxi likwazile ukwandisa izinga lokusetyenziswa kwe-lean ore ngomlinganiselo we-aluminium-silicon we-2.5 nge-40% ngokuphucula indlela edibeneyo.
Ii. Indlela eya ekutyhobozeniUbuchule bobuchwepheshe
Umba wokusetyenziswa kwamandla okwenziwa ngobuchule bemveli ubusoloko uyinto enzima kushishino. Idatha yoshishino yango-2016 ibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kombane okuqhelekileyo ngetoni nganye ye-alumina yi-1,350 kilowatt-hours, okulingana nokusetyenziswa kombane kosapho kangangesiqingatha sonyaka. "Iteknoloji yokunyibilikisa ubushushu obuphantsi" eyenziwe lishishini elithile, ngokongeza ii-catalysts ezikhethekileyo, inciphisa ubushushu bokusabela ukusuka kwi-280℃ ukuya kwi-220℃. Oku kukodwa konga i-30% yamandla.
Izixhobo zebhedi ezimanzi endazibona kumzi-mveliso othile eShandong zayitshintsha ngokupheleleyo indlela endandicinga ngayo. Le "ntsimbi enkulu" inemigangatho emihlanu igcina umgubo weminerali ukwimeko yokuxhonywa ngegesi, inciphisa ixesha lokuphendula ukusuka kwiiyure ezi-6 kwinkqubo yesiqhelo ukuya kwimizuzu engama-40. Okumangalisa ngakumbi yinkqubo yayo yokulawula ekrelekrele, enokulungisa iiparameter zenkqubo ngexesha langempela njengogqirha wendabuko waseTshayina othatha i-pulse.
Ngokuphathelele imveliso eluhlaza, eli shishini libonisa umboniso omhle "wokuguqula inkunkuma ibe bubutyebi". Udaka olubomvu, olwalukade luyinkunkuma ebangela ingxaki, ngoku lunokwenziwa lube yimicu yeseramikhi kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa ecaleni kwendlela. Kunyaka ophelileyo, iprojekthi yokubonisa eyayityelelwe eGuangxi yade yenza izixhobo zokwakha ezingatshiyo ngodaka olubomvu, kwaye ixabiso lemarike laliphezulu nge-15% kunelemveliso yendabuko.
Iii. Amathuba angenasiphelo oPhuhliso lweXesha elizayo
Ukulungiswa kwe-nano-alumina kunokuthathwa njengo "bugcisa bokubumba izinto ezincinci" kwicandelo lezinto. Izixhobo zokomisa ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibonwa kwilebhu zinokulawula ukukhula kwamasuntswana kwinqanaba leemolekyuli, kwaye ii-nano-powders eziveliswayo zicolile ngakumbi kune-pollen. Le nto, xa isetyenziswa kwi-lithium battery separators, inokuphinda kabini ubomi bebhetri.
I-microwaveItekhnoloji yokufudumeza indikhumbuza i-oven ye-microwave ekhaya. Umahluko kukuba izixhobo ze-microwave ezikumgangatho wemizi-mveliso zinokufudumeza izixhobo ukuya kwi-1600℃ kwimizuzu emi-3, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwamandla kungaphezulu kwesithathu kunezo zezixhobo zombane zemveli. Okungcono nangakumbi, le ndlela yokufudumeza inokuphucula ulwakhiwo lwezixhobo. Iiseramikhi ze-alumina ezenziwe lishishini elithile lemizi-mveliso yomkhosi ngazo zinobunzima obufana nobedayimani.
Utshintsho olucacileyo olubangelwe kukuguqulwa okukrelekrele yisikrini esikhulu kwigumbi lolawulo. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini eyadlulayo, abasebenzi abanezakhono babejikeleza kwigumbi lezixhobo bephethe iincwadi zerekhodi. Ngoku, ulutsha lunokugqiba yonke inkqubo yokubeka esweni ngokucofa nje imawusi. Kodwa okunomdla kukuba, iinjineli zeenkqubo eziphezulu ziye zaba "ngootitshala" benkqubo ye-AI, befuna ukuguqula amava amashumi eminyaka abe yi-algorithmic logic.
Utshintsho ukusuka kwi-ore ukuya kwi-alumina ecocekileyo kakhulu alukokutolika nje kuphela iimpendulo zomzimba nezekhemikhali kodwa lukwayi-crystallization yobulumko bomntu. Xa iifektri ezikrelekrele ze-5G zidibana "namava okuziva ngesandla" eengcali, kwaye xa i-nanotechnology ithetha nee-oven zemveli, olu tshintsho lweteknoloji oluqhubeke inkulungwane alupheli. Mhlawumbi, njengoko iphepha elimhlophe lamva nje lixela, isizukulwana esilandelayo semveliso ye-alumina siya kuhambela "ekuveliseni kwinqanaba le-athomu". Nangona kunjalo, nokuba ubuchwepheshe butshintsha njani, ukusombulula iimfuno ezisebenzayo kunye nokudala ixabiso lokwenyani ziindlela ezihlala zihleli zokuvelisa ubuchwepheshe.