Inkqubo Yokulungiselela kunye NeeNjongo Zokusetyenziswa kweWhite Fused Alumina Micropowder
Abantu abaninzi banokufumana igama elithi “umgubo omncinci we-alumina oxutyiweyo omhlophe"ayiqhelekanga xa uyiva okokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sikhankanya ukugaywa kwezigqubuthelo zeglasi zefowuni ephathwayo, ukupolisha iibheringi ezichanekileyo, okanye izixhobo zokupakisha iitships, wonke umntu uya kuyiqonda loo nto—ukuveliswa kwezi mveliso kuxhomekeke kulo mgubo umhlophe obonakala ungabalulekanga. Le nto ayithambile njengomgubo; inobunzima obuphezulu kunye neempawu ezizinzileyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe negama "lamazinyo emizi-mveliso" kwihlabathi lemizi-mveliso. Ukufezekisa ukucubungula kwinqanaba le-micropowder kufuna ubugcisa obucokisekileyo.
I. Inkqubo Yokulungiselela: Izakhono Ezilikhulu Kwinkqubo Ethambileyo
Ukulungisa i-white fused alumina micropowder ayikokugaya nje iziqwenga ezinkulu. Njengokulungiselela ukutya okucociweyo kweHuaiyang, inyathelo ngalinye, ukusuka ekukhetheni izithako ukuya ekuphekeni, kufuneka liphathwe ngokuchanekileyo. Inyathelo lokuqala "kukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo." Izinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseleleni i-white fused alumina yi-industrial alumina powder, kwaye ubunyulu bale powder bumisela ngokuthe ngqo "imvelaphi" ye-micropowder. Ngaphambili, ezinye iifektri bezisebenzisa izinto ezisetyenziswayo ezisetyenziswayo ukonga imali, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-micro-powder ibe nokungcola okuninzi, nto leyo ebangela imikrwelo xa kupolisha izinto zokusebenza. Ngoku, wonke umntu ulumkile kwaye angathanda ukuchitha imali eninzi ukuthenga i-high-purity alumina kunokonakalisa udumo lwakhe kumanqanaba alandelayo. Ngokubanzi, umxholo we-alumina kufuneka ube ngaphezulu kwe-99.5%, kwaye ukungcola okufana ne-iron kunye ne-silicon kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo.
Inyathelo lesibini “kukunyibilikisa nokwakha ikristale,” ixesha “lokuzalwa”i-alumina emhlophe exutyiweyo. Umgubo we-alumina ufakwa kwisithando somlilo se-arc sombane, apho ubushushu bunyuka bufikelele kuma-2000℃—umbono omangalisayo ngokwenene. Ingongoma ephambili kwinkqubo yokunyibilikisa kukulawula izinga lokupholisa. Ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kubangela ubungakanani obungalinganiyo bekristale; ukupholisa okucothayo kakhulu kuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso. Iingcali ezinamava zithembele kumava ukuze zimamele isandi se-arc yombane kwaye zijonge umbala welangatye ekuvulekeni kwesithando somlilo ukuze zigwebe imeko engaphakathi kwesithando somlilo. Nangona iinkqubo zokujonga ubushushu ezikrelekrele ngoku zifumaneka, la mava "okudibanisa isithando somlilo nomntu" ahlala exabisekile.
Iibhloko zekristale ze-alumina ezimhlophe ezinyibilikisiweyo, ezinobunzima obulandela idayimani kuphela, kufuneka kuqala "zityunyuzwe ngokurhabaxa" kusetyenziswa isixhobo sokutyumza umhlathi. Kweli nqanaba, amasuntswana asafana neengqalutye ezincinci, kude nokuba ancitshiswe nge-micron.
Inyathelo lesithathu, "ukutyumza nokubeka amanqaku," yeyona nto iphambili kwitekhnoloji kwaye ikwayeyona inokubangela iingxaki ezininzi.
Kwiminyaka yangaphambili, iifektri ezininzi zazisebenzisa iibhola, zixhomekeke kwimpembelelo yeebhola zentsimbi ekugayeni amasuntswana. Nangona ilula, le ndlela yayineengxaki ezininzi: okokuqala, yayingenisa ngokulula ungcoliseko lwesinyithi; okwesibini, imilo yamasuntswana yayingalingani, uninzi lwayo lune-engile; kwaye okwesithathu, ukusasazwa kobukhulu bamasuntswana kwakubanzi, amanye amasuntswana ecolekile kakhulu kwaye amanye erhabaxa kakhulu. Le ndlela iye yancitshiswa kakhulu kwiindlela eziphezulu zokusetyenziswa.
Okwangoku, indlela eqhelekileyo kukugaya i-air jet. Lo mgaqo unomdla kakhulu: amasuntswana arhabaxa akhawuleziswa kukuhamba komoya okukhawulezayo, okubangela ukuba angqubane aze akhuhlane, ngaloo ndlela ewatyumza. Yonke le nkqubo yenzeka kwinkqubo evaliweyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kungabikho kungcola. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ngokulungelelanisa uxinzelelo lokuhamba komoya kunye nesantya somhluzi, ubungakanani bokugqibela bamasuntswana bunokulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo. Xa kwenziwe kakuhle, amasuntswana angqukuva okanye aphantse abe yi-spherical anokufunyanwa, ngokuhamba kakuhle, okwenza afaneleke ngakumbi ekupolisheni ngokuchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ii-air jet mills aziyongxaki. Ukuguguleka kwezixhobo kunokukhokelela ekungcoleni kwesinyithi, kwaye ukuchaneka kwevili le-classifier kumisela ububanzi bokusasazwa kobukhulu bamasuntswana. Ndityelele inkampani esebenza kakuhle apho amavili abo okulinganisa ajongwa ukuba ajikelezile veki nganye kusetyenziswa izixhobo zokuchaneka; naluphi na ukuphambuka okuncinci kulungiswa ngoko nangoko okanye kutshintshwe. Umphathi wemveliso uthe, “Kufana namatayara emoto; ukuba ibhalansi eguquguqukayo icinyiwe, imoto ayizukuhamba kakuhle.”
Inyathelo lokugqibela “kukususwa kokungcola kunye nonyango lomphezulu.” Umgubo ocoliweyo kufuneka uhlanjwe nge-asidi okanye uphathwe ngobushushu obuphezulu ukuze kususwe isinyithi esikhululekileyo kunye nokungcola kumphezulu. Kwezinye izicelo ezikhethekileyo, kufuneka kutshintshwe umphezulu—umzekelo, ukugquma nge-silane coupling agent ukuze umgubo usasazeke ngokulinganayo kwiiresini okanye kwiipeyinti, ukuthintela ukuhlangana. Kuyo yonke le nkqubo, uya kufumanisa ukuba ukusuka kwi-ore ukuya kumgubo, inyathelo ngalinye lilwa nobunzima, ubumsulwa, kunye nobukhulu bamasuntswana. Naziphi na iindlela ezimfutshane kwinkqubo ziya kubonakala ekugqibeleni ekusebenzeni kwemveliso.
II. Amathuba Okusetyenziswa: Inqanaba Elihle Lemigubo Emincinci
Ukuba inkqubo yokulungiselela “kukuhlakulela izakhono zangaphakathi,” ngoko ke amathuba okusebenzisa “aya kungena ehlabathini.” Ihlabathi le-white fused alumina micropowder liya lisanda.
Inqanaba lokuqala eliphambili kukuchanekaukupolisha nokugaya. Le yindlela yayo yokuqina yendabuko, kodwa iimfuno ziya zisiba nzima ngakumbi. Umzekelo, ukupolisha iglasi yefowuni ephathwayo, ii-sapphire substrates, kunye nee-silicon wafers ngoku kufuna uburhabaxa bomphezulu kwinqanaba le-nanometer. Oku kubeka iimfuno ezingqongqo kwi-white fused alumina micropowder: ubungakanani be-particle kufuneka bufane kakhulu (i-D50 ilawulwe ngokungqongqo), kungabikho ma-particle amakhulu abangela iingxaki; ama-particle kufuneka abe nobunzima obuphezulu kodwa abe neempawu ezifanelekileyo "zokuzilola"—kufuneka akwazi ukuveza imiphetho emitsha ebukhali ngexesha lokuguguleka ukuze agcine amandla okupolisha aqhubekayo; kwaye kufuneka ahambelane kakuhle ne-slurries yokupolisha.
Imarike yesithathu enokubakho kukuqinisa izinto ezidityanisiweyo. Ukongeza i-white fused alumina micropowder kwiplastiki zobunjineli, irabha, okanye izinto ezidityanisiweyo ezisekwe kwisinyithi kunokuphucula kakhulu ukumelana nokuguguleka kwezinto, ubulukhuni, kunye nokuqhuba kobushushu. Umzekelo, ezinye iindawo ezingagugulekiyo kwiinjini zeemoto kunye neekhava zeemveliso ze-elektroniki eziphezulu zihlola olu setyenziso. Isitshixo apha yingxaki "yokubopha i-interface" - i-micropowder kunye nezinto ze-matrix kufuneka "zibophelele ngokuqinileyo," nto leyo esibuyisela ekubalulekeni kweenkqubo zonyango lomphezulu. Ulwalathiso lwesine oluphambili zizinto zokuprinta ze-3D. Kwitekhnoloji yokuprinta ye-3D efana ne-selective laser sintering (SLS), i-white fused alumina micropowder ingasetyenziswa njengesigaba sokuqinisa, ixutywe ne-metal okanye i-ceramic powders, ukuprinta iindawo ezingagugulekiyo ezineemilo ezintsonkothileyo. Oku kuzisa imingeni emitsha ngokupheleleyo ekuhambeni kwamanzi, ubuninzi bobuninzi, kunye nokusasazwa kobungakanani bamasuntswana e-micronized powder - umaleko we-powder ofanayo ubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kokuprinta.
III. Imingeni kunye nekamva: Iingxaki kunye nokuphumelela
Nangona amathuba ethembisa, kukho imingeni emininzi eseleyo. Eyona ngxaki inkulu ikwiimveliso eziphezulu. Umzekelo, kwi-powder emhlophe exutywe ne-alumina micronized powder esetyenziselwa ukupolisha iitship (CMP), iimveliso zasekhaya zisashiyeke emva kweemveliso eziphezulu ezivela eJapan naseJamani ekuzinzeni kwebhetshi kunye nolawulo olukhulu lwamasuntswana. Umlawuli wokuthenga kwinkampani yezinto ze-semiconductor undixelele ukuba, “Asikuko ukuba asizixhasi iimveliso zasekhaya, kukuba asinakukwazi ukuthatha umngcipheko. Ukuba ibhetshi enye inengxaki, ii-wafers zomgca wonke wemveliso zinokufuneka zilahlwe, nto leyo ebangela ilahleko enkulu.”
Izizathu zoku zinzima: Okokuqala, izixhobo zokugaya nokubeka amanqaku eziphezulu zisaxhomekeke ekungenisweni kwamanye amazwe; izixhobo zethu zisala emva ngokuchanekileyo nangokuhlala ixesha elide. Okwesibini, ukuchaneka kolawulo lwenkqubo akwanelanga; rhoqo, kusaxhomekeke kumava ochwephesha abanamava, ngaphandle kokuqonda ngokupheleleyo ulawulo oluqhutywa yidatha nolukrelekrele. Okwesithathu, iindlela zokuvavanya azanelanga; umzekelo, ukubalwa ngokuchanekileyo kwamasuntswana amancinci kune-0.5 micrometers kunye nohlalutyo olukhawulezayo lwezibalo zemo yesuntswana nganye-ezi zixhobo zokuvavanya eziphezulu nazo zivela kwamanye amazwe. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mfuneko yokuba nombono ombi kakhulu. Iinkampani ezininzi zasekhaya ziyafikelela kwinqanaba. Ezinye zisebenzisana neeyunivesithi ukufunda indlela yokutyumza amasuntswana kwi-air jet milling, ziphucula ngokwethiyori iiparameter zenkqubo; ezinye zityala imali eninzi ekwakheni imigca yemveliso ekrelekrele, nazo zonke iiparameter zenkqubo eziphambili zijongwa kwi-intanethi kwaye zihlengahlengiswa ngokuzenzekelayo; ezinye ziphuhlisa ubuchwepheshe obutsha bokuguqula umphezulu ukwenza umgubo we-micronized usebenze ngcono kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.
Ndikholelwa ukuba iindlela zophuhliso zexesha elizayo ziya kuhamba ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo: Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso: Ukwenza ngokwezifiso iipowders ezenziwe nge-micron ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo bee-particle, iimilo, kunye neempawu zomphezulu ngokweemfuno zabathengi abathile—ixesha lendlela "efanayo" liphelile. Imveliso ekrelekrele: Ukufezekisa ukulungiswa kwenkqubo yemveliso ngexesha langempela nge-Intanethi yezinto, idatha enkulu, kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwebhetshi. Ukwenziwa kweGreen: Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nongcoliseko, njengokulungiswa kokonga amandla kwinkqubo yokutyumza kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe i-powder yenkunkuma. Uyilo lweSicelo: Ukuqinisa intsebenziswano nabathengi abasezantsi ukuphuhlisa izicelo kwiindawo ezisakhasayo, ezifana nokugquma ii-separators ezintsha zebhetri yamandla kunye nokucubungula izihluzi ze-ceramic ze-5G.
Ibali likai-alumina emhlophe exutyiweyoUmgubo oxutyiweyo yi-microcosm encinci yotshintsho kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini lokuvelisa laseTshayina. Ukususela kwi-"grind and sell" yokuqala elula nengacacanga ukuya kwi-"system solutions" yangoku ecociweyo, le ndlela ithathe amashumi eminyaka. Oku kusixelela ukuba ukhuphiswano lokwenyani alukho ekubeni nezixhobo, kodwa luxhomekeke ekuqondeni nzulu izinto kunye nolawulo olupheleleyo kwiinkqubo. Ukulawula ubungakanani beesuntswana, imilo, kunye nobunyulu be-micro-powder nganye, kunye nokwenza ngcono yonke inkqubo yemveliso, kufuna umonde, kwaye, ngakumbi, uvakalelo olunzulu lokumangaliswa.
Xa umgubo wethu omhlophe oxutywe nge-alumina micro-powder ungagcini nje ngokupolisha iglasi yewotshi kodwa ukwagaya itshiphusi; ungagcini nje ngokuqinisa isitena esirhabaxa kodwa ukwaxhasa itekhnoloji yanamhlanje, ngoko ke sisuke “ekuveliseni” saya “ekuveliseni okukrelekrele.” Olu luhlu lwemipu emhlophe alupheleli nje ekuchanekeni kweshishini kodwa lukwathwala nobunzulu kunye nokuqina kweshishini lezinto ezisisiseko zesizwe. Indlela engaphambili inde, kodwa ulwalathiso lucacile—ukujolisa phezulu, ukunikel’ ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha, kunye nokusebenzisa izisombululo ezisebenzayo.