Igalelo elikhethekileyo le-alumina powder kwizixhobo zemagnethi
Xa uqhaqha i-servo motor enesantya esiphezulu okanye iyunithi yokuqhuba enamandla kwisithuthi esitsha samandla, uya kufumanisa ukuba izinto ezichanekileyo zemagnethi zihlala ziphambili. Xa iinjineli zixoxa ngamandla okunyanzela kunye namandla aseleyo emagnethi emagnethi, bambalwa abantu abaya kuqaphela ukuba umgubo omhlophe obonakala uqhelekile,umgubo we-alumina(Al₂O₃), idlala indima “yeqhawe elingasemva kwemifanekiso” ngokuzolileyo. Ayinamagnetism, kodwa inokutshintsha ukusebenza kwezinto ezitsala amandla; ayisebenzisi amandla, kodwa inefuthe elikhulu ekusebenzeni kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwamandla ombane. Kwishishini lanamhlanje elilandela iipropati zokugqibela zemagnethi, igalelo elikhethekileyo le-alumina powder libonakala ngokucacileyo ngakumbi nangakumbi.
Kubukumkani bama-ferrites, “yi-umthakathi womda weengqolowa“
Xa esiya kwindawo enkulu yokuvelisa i-ferrite ethambileyo, umoya uzaliswa livumba elikhethekileyo lokutshiswa kobushushu obuphezulu. U-Old Zhang, igcisa eliyingcali kumgca wemveliso, wayedla ngokuthi: “Ngaphambili, ukwenza i-ferrite ye-manganese-zinc kwakufana neebhanisi eziphekayo. Ukuba ubushushu bebubumbi kancinci, bekuza kubakho iimbobo ‘eziphekiweyo’ ngaphakathi, kwaye ilahleko ibingayi kwehla.” Namhlanje, inani elincinci le-alumina powder lifakwa ngokuchanekileyo kule fomyula, kwaye imeko yahlukile kakhulu.
Indima ephambili ye-alumina powder apha ingabizwa ngokuba "yi-grain boundary engineering": isasazwa ngokulinganayo kwimida ephakathi kweenkozo ze-ferrite. Khawuthelekelele ukuba iinkozo ezincinci ezingenakubalwa zilungelelaniswe ngokusondeleyo, kwaye iindawo ezidibana kuzo zihlala ziyikhonkco ezibuthathaka kwi-magnetic properties kunye "nezona ndawo zichaphazeleka kakhulu" zokulahleka kwe-magnetic. I-high-pure, i-ultra-fine alumina powder (ehlala i-submicron level) ifakwe kwezi ndawo zemida yeenkozo. Zifana "namadama" amancinci angenakubalwa, athintela ngempumelelo ukukhula okugqithisileyo kweenkozo ngexesha lokutshisa okuphezulu, okwenza ubungakanani beenkozo bube mncinci kwaye busasazwe ngokulinganayo.
Kwidabi lemagnetism eqinileyo, "yi"isizinzisi sesakhiwo“
Jikela ingqalelo yakho kwihlabathi leemagnethi ezisisigxina ze-neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) ezisebenza kakuhle. Le nto, eyaziwa ngokuba yi "king of magnets", inobunzima obumangalisayo bamandla kwaye ngumthombo wamandla ophambili wokuqhuba izithuthi zombane zanamhlanje, ii-wind turbines, kunye nezixhobo zonyango ezichanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umngeni omkhulu ozayo: I-NdFeB ithambekele "ekususweni kwemagnetization" kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kwaye isigaba sayo sangaphakathi esityebileyo se-neodymium sithambile kwaye asinazo uzinzo lwesakhiwo.
Ngeli xesha, kuvela umlinganiselo omncinci we-alumina powder, odlala indima ephambili "yokuphucula isakhiwo". Ngexesha lenkqubo yokusila ye-NdFeB, kungeniswa umgubo we-alumina ocoliweyo kakhulu. Awungeni kwi-lattice yesigaba esiphambili ngobuninzi, kodwa usasazwa ngokukhetha kwimida yeenkozo, ingakumbi ezo ndawo zibuthathaka kakhulu zesigaba esine-neodymium.
Kwindawo ephambili kwiimagnethi ezidityanisiweyo, "ngumququzeleli onemiba emininzi"
Ihlabathi lezinto ezisebenzisa imagnethi lisatshintsha. Isakhiwo semagnethi esidityanisiweyo (njengeHalbach array) esidibanisa i-high saturation magnetic induction intensity kunye neempawu eziphantsi zokulahleka kwezinto ezithambileyo zemagnethi (ezifana nee-iron powder cores) kunye neenzuzo eziphezulu zamandla okunyanzela zezinto ezihlala zihleli zemagnethi zitsala ingqalelo. Kolu hlobo loyilo olutsha, i-alumina powder ifumene inqanaba elitsha.
Xa kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa iipowder zemagnethi zeempawu ezahlukeneyo (nokuba zineepowder ezingasebenziyo zemagnethi) kwaye ulawule ngokuchanekileyo ubushushu kunye namandla oomatshini enxalenye yokugqibela, umgubo we-alumina uba yindawo efanelekileyo yokukhusela okanye yokuzalisa nge-insulation yayo egqwesileyo, ukungangeni kweekhemikhali kunye nokuhambelana okuhle nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukukhanya kwekamva: okucacileyo nokukrelekrele ngakumbi
Ukusetyenziswa kweumgubo we-aluminakwicandelo leizixhobo zemagnethiakukapheli. Ngokuqhubeka kophando, izazinzulu zizimisele ukuphonononga umgaqo-nkqubo ocacileyo:
Ukuxuba i-nano-scale kunye ne-accurate doping: Sebenzisa umgubo we-alumina we-nano-scale onobukhulu obufanayo kunye nokusasazwa okungcono, kwaye uhlolisise nendlela yawo echanekileyo yokulawula i-magnetic domain wall pinning kwisikali se-athomu.
Umgubo we-alumina, le oxide iqhelekileyo evela emhlabeni, phantsi kokukhanya kobulumko bomntu, wenza umlingo obonakalayo kwihlabathi lemagnethi elingabonakaliyo. Awuvelisi mhlaba wemagnethi, kodwa uvula indlela yokudluliselwa okuzinzileyo nokusebenzayo kwentsimi yemagnethi; awuqhubeli ngqo isixhobo, kodwa ufaka amandla angakumbi kwizinto eziphambili zemagnethi zesixhobo sokuqhuba. Kwixesha elizayo lokulandela amandla aluhlaza, ukuqhuba kombane okusebenzayo kunye nokuqonda okukrelekrele, igalelo elikhethekileyo nelibalulekileyo lepowder ye-alumina kwizixhobo zemagnethi liya kuqhubeka nokubonelela ngenkxaso eqinileyo nethuleyo kuphuhliso lwesayensi kunye netekhnoloji. Isikhumbuza ukuba kwi-symphony enkulu yokuvelisa izinto zesayensi kunye netekhnoloji, amanqaku asisiseko adla ngokuqulatha amandla anzulu - xa isayensi kunye nobugcisa kuhlangana, izixhobo eziqhelekileyo nazo ziya kukhanya ngokukhanya okungaqhelekanga.