Umlingo wehlabathi elincinane, kukuthatha ukuze uqonde i-nano-electroplating
Ngexesha lophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwesayensi netekhnoloji,i-nanotechnology ifana nenkwenkwezi entsha ekhanyayo, ekhanya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomda. Njengeteknoloji entsha ye-electroplating, i-nano-electroplating idibanisa i-nanotechnology neenkqubo ze-electroplating zemveli. Ngokuzisa izinto ezincinci okanye ukulawula isakhiwo se-nano yengubo ngexesha lenkqubo ye-electroplating, kufunyanwa ingubo enomsebenzi ogqwesileyo. Eyona nto iphambili kukusebenzisa iipropati ezikhethekileyo ze-nanoparticles, ezinje ngendawo ephezulu yomphezulu, umsebenzi ophezulu kunye neepropati ezizodwa zomzimba nezekhemikhali, ukuphucula ukusebenza komaleko we-electroplating. Ngexesha lenkqubo ye-electroplating, ii-nanoparticles zinokusasazwa kwisisombululo se-electroplating njengezongezo. Njengoko inkqubo ye-electroplating iqhubeka, ii-nanoparticles ziya kufakwa kumphezulu we-substrate kwaye zenze ingubo edibeneyo kunye nezinye ii-ion ze-electroplating. Olu phawu alunazo nje kuphela imisebenzi yokukhusela kunye nokuhombisa yengubo yendabuko ye-electroplating, kodwa lukwanazo neenzuzo zokusebenza ezikhethekileyo.
Ⅰ. Iingenelo eziphambili zokusebenza kweengubo ze-nano-electroplating
1. Ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka
Ngenxa yokongezwa kwee-nanoparticles, ubunzima be-electroplating coating buphuculwe kakhulu. Umzekelo, emva kokongeza ii-nano-diamond particles kwi-nickel-phosphorus electroplating yendabuko, ubunzima be-coating bunokwandiswa amaxesha amaninzi okanye amaxesha amaninzi. Le coating enobunzima obuphezulu inamathuba amaninzi okusetyenziswa kwi-mechanical processing, i-aerospace, i-car manufacture kunye nezinye iindawo. Inganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuguguleka kwezixhobo zoomatshini kwaye yandise ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo, ngelixa ikwaphucula ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kwezixhobo.
2. Ukumelana nokugqwala
Ukumelana nokugqwala kweengubo ze-nano-electroplating nako kuphuculwe kakhulu. Ii-nanoparticles zenza isakhiwo esikhethekileyo kwingubo. Esi sakhiwo sinokuthintela ngempumelelo ukuhlaselwa kweendaba ezigqwalisayo, ngaloo ndlela siphucula ukumelana nokugqwala kwengubo. Umzekelo, ingubo eyenziwe yi-composite electroplating yee-nano-ceramic particles kunye nee-ion zesinyithi inokumelana nokugqwala okuphindwe kaninzi okanye kaninzi kunengubo zendabuko ze-electroplating. Esi sambatho singasetyenziswa kakhulu kubunjineli bolwandle, izixhobo zeekhemikhali, izixhobo ze-elektroniki nakwezinye iindawo ukubonelela ngokhuseleko lwexesha elide lokulwa nokugqwala kwizixhobo.
3. Iimpawu ezibonakalayo
Iingubo ezisebenzisa i-nano-electroplating nazo zineempawu ezizodwa zokukhanya. Ngenxa yesiphumo sobukhulu bee-nanoparticles, xa ukukhanya kukhanyiswa kumphezulu wengubo, kwenzeka izinto ezikhethekileyo zokusasazeka, ukufunxwa kunye nokubonakalisa. Umzekelo, ingubo eyenziwe yi-composite electroplating yee-nano-silver particles kunye nee-ion zesinyithi inokubonisa iziphumo ezizodwa zokukhanya, njengokutshintsha kombala kunye nokukhanya okwandisiweyo. Le ngubo ingafakwa kwizixhobo zokukhanya, imihlobiso kunye nezinye iindawo, yongeza iziphumo ezizodwa zokubona kwimveliso.
4. Iipropati zombane
Iipropati zombane zeengubo ze-nano-electroplating nazo ziphuculwe kakhulu. Ezinye ii-nanoparticles zineempawu ezikhethekileyo zokuqhuba okanye ze-semiconductor. Xa zifakwe i-electroplated ngee-ion zesinyithi, zinokwenza iingubo ezineempawu ezithile zombane. Umzekelo, ingubo eyenziwe yi-composite electroplating yeetyhubhu ze-nano-carbon kunye nee-ion zesinyithi ineempawu ezilungileyo zokuqhuba kunye nokukhusela nge-electromagnetic. Le ngubo ingasetyenziswa kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki, izixhobo zonxibelelwano kunye nezinye iindawo ukuphucula ukuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic kunye nokusebenza kokudlulisela isignali kwezixhobo.
Ⅱ. Iindawo eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwe-nano-electroplating
1. Ukuveliswa koomatshini
Ngenxa yokongezwa kwee-nanoparticles, ubunzima be-electroplating coating buphuculwe kakhulu. Umzekelo, emva kokongeza ii-nano-diamond particles kwi-nickel-phosphorus electroplating yendabuko, ubunzima be-coating bunokwandiswa amaxesha amaninzi okanye amaxesha amaninzi. Le coating enobunzima obuphezulu inamathuba amaninzi okusetyenziswa kwi-mechanical processing, i-aerospace, i-car manufacture kunye nezinye iinkalo. Inganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuguguleka kwezixhobo zoomatshini kwaye yandise ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo, ngelixa ikwaphucula ukuchaneka nokuthembeka kwezixhobo.
2. Inqwelo-moya
Intsimi yeenqwelo-moya ineemfuno zokusebenza eziphezulu kakhulu kwizixhobo, ezifuna amandla aphezulu, ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kunye nezinye iimpawu. Iingubo ze-nano-electroplating zinokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iindawo zeenjini zeenqwelo-moya, iingubo zomphezulu weenqwelo-moya, njl. Umzekelo, iingubo ezenziwe nge-composite electroplating yee-nano-ceramic particles kunye nee-ion zesinyithi zinokuphucula ngempumelelo ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu beenxalenye zeenjini, ngelixa zinciphisa ubunzima beenxalenye kwaye ziphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwepetroli kunye nokusebenza kokubhabha kweenqwelo-moya.
3. Izixhobo zombane kunye nezixhobo zombane
Kwicandelo lezixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye nezixhobo zombane, iingubo ze-nano-electroplating zingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izinto ze-elektroniki ezisebenzayo kakhulu kunye neebhodi zesekethe. Umzekelo, iingubo ezenziwe yi-composite electroplating yee-nano-silver particles kunye nee-ion zesinyithi zineempawu ezilungileyo zokuqhuba kunye ne-antioxidant kwaye zinokusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iisekethe zokuqhuba eziphezulu kunye nezihlanganisi. Ukongeza, iingubo ze-nano-electroplating zingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa izinto zokukhusela i-electromagnetic ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki.
4. Ishishini leemoto
Ishishini leemoto lelinye lawona macandelo abalulekileyo ekusetyenzisweni kwe-nano-electroplating. Ii-nano-electroplating coats zingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iinxalenye zeenjini zeemoto, iinxalenye zenkqubo yeebhuleki, njl. Umzekelo, ii-nano-body surface coats, ii-coating ezenziwe yi-composite electroplating yee-diamond particles kunye nee-metal ions zinokuphucula ngempumelelo ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kweeringi zepiston zenjini, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ubomi benkonzo kunye nokusebenza kwenjini. Kwangaxeshanye, ii-nano-electroplating coats zingasetyenziselwa ukuhombisa kunye nokukhusela imizimba yeemoto, ukuphucula ukukhazimla kunye nokumelana nokugqwala komzimba kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yemoto.