Intshayelelo kwiimveliso ze-silicon ezimnyama kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kwi-sandblasting
I-silicon emnyamayimathiriyeli esebenzayo yesilicon enolwakhiwo olukhethekileyo lomphezulu, oluthiywe ngenxa yesakhono saso sokufunxa ukukhanya okugqithisileyo kunye nemo eyohlukileyo ye-micro-nano surface morphology. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nokuphuculwa kokuchaneka konyango kunye neemfuno zokusebenza kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwimveliso ephezulu, i-silicon emnyama isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-photovoltaics, i-optoelectronics, i-semiconductors, i-optical component production kunye nezinye iindawo ezinomzimba obalaseleyo kunye neekhemikhali. Kwangaxeshanye, i-silicon emnyama ithe chu ingena kumzi-mveliso wokuqhunyiswa kwesanti kwaye iye yaba luhlobo olutsha lwemathiriyeli yesanti esebenza kakuhle.
Ⅰ. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-silicon emnyama
I-silicon emnyama yenziwa ngokuphatha umphezulu we-silicon ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwe-micro-nano ubugcisa bokulungiselela isakhiwo (njenge-ion etching esebenzayo, i-metal-assisted chemical etching, i-laser-induced etching, njl.). Umphezulu wayo ubonisa i-cone eshinyeneyo okanye isakhiwo se-columnari, esinokunciphisa kakhulu ukubonakaliswa kokukhanya. Ukubonakala kwibhendi esondeleyo ye-infrared ebonakalayo kunokuba ngaphantsi kwe-1%, ngoko kumnyama mnyama ngenkangeleko.
I-silicon emnyama ayinayo ipropathi egqwesileyo ye-optical kuphela, kodwa ikwanezibonelelo zokuqina okuphezulu, ukucoceka okuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, kunye nokumelana nomhlwa. Isakhiwo sayo se-particle sinamandla kwaye sifanelekile kwimijikelezo emininzi phantsi kweemeko zempembelelo zesantya esiphezulu. Isebenza ngcono kwi-sandblasting kune-abrasives yendabuko efana ne-corundum emhlophe, i-brown corundum, isanti ye-quartz, njl.
Ⅱ. Izinto ezilungileyo ze-silicon emnyama kwi-sandblasting
I-Sandblasting yindlela yonyango yomphezulu esebenzisa ukuhamba kwesanti enesantya esiphezulu ukuchaphazela umphezulu ukufikelela ukucoca, ukususwa kwe-oxide layer, i-roughening okanye iziphumo zokuhombisa. Njenge-abrasive esebenza kakhulu, i-silicon emnyama ineengenelo ezicacileyo kwintsimi yesanti:
1. Isiphumo esihle kunye nesifanayo somphezulu
Ubume bejometri yeengqungquthela ezimnyama ze-silicon ziqhelekileyo kwaye i-morphology izinzile. Emva kokutshiza, inokwenza i-matte efanayo kunye nefuthe elihambelanayo kumphezulu we-workpiece. Esi siphumo sonyango sifanelekile ngokukodwa kwiimveliso ezifana neglasi ebonakalayo, indlu yelensi, i-aluminium alloy structural parts, njl.
2. Ubunzima obuphezulu kunye nokuchasana kwempembelelo
Ubunzima be-Mohs be-silicon emnyama buphezulu ukuya kwi-8.5 okanye ngaphezulu, izinga lokuphuka ngexesha le-sandblasting liphantsi, kwaye ubomi benkonzo bude. Xa kuthelekiswa nesanti yequartz eqhelekileyo okanye amaso eglasi, ukuqhushumba kwesanti yesilicon emnyama kusebenza ngakumbi kwaye kunempembelelo enamandla, kwaye inokugqiba ukucoca okunzulu kunye nokurhaxa ngexesha elifutshane.
3. Ukucoceka okuphezulu kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo
Ukucoceka kwe-silicon emnyama ngokuqhelekileyo kungaphezulu kwe-99%, kwaye ayiqukethe ukungcola okuyingozi njenge-silicon yamahhala okanye isinyithi esinzima. Inongcoliseko lothuli oluphantsi kwi-workshop ye-sandblasting kwaye ifaneleke ngokukodwa ukuba isetyenziswe kumashishini acocekileyo afana namacandelo e-elektroniki, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nokupakishwa kwe-semiconductor. Ngelo xesha, i-particle shape yayo izinzile, isizukulwana sothuli sincinci, kwaye sikhuselekile kwimpilo yabaqhubi.
4. Ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kunye neendleko ezilawulekayo
Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo, i-silicon emnyama isenokuthi igcine isiphumo esihle sokutshiza emva kwemijikelo emininzi, inciphisa kakhulu ilahleko yezinto. Kwizixhobo ezinkulu zesanti ezizenzekelayo, i-silicon emnyama ibonisa uqoqosho olungcono.
Ⅲ. Iindawo zosetyenziso oluqhelekileyo
Ii-abrasives ze-silicon ezimnyama zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kule mihlaba ilandelayo:
I-hardware echanekileyo yonyango lwe-matte: njenge-high-end mobile phone frame frame, i-shellbook shell, i-smart watch shell kunye nezinye iimveliso ze-aluminium;
I-Optical glass frosting unyango: isetyenziselwa i-lens, i-filter, i-matte yefestile ye-optical kunye nokuhlobisa;
I-Aerospace kunye neendawo zomkhosi: susa umaleko we-oxide ngaphandle kokutshintsha ubungakanani bokuphucula ukunamathela kokugquma;
Ukufakwa komphezulu wepakethe ye-elektroniki: phucula ukuchaneka kokupakishwa kunye nokubambelela kwi-interface;
I-Ceramic kunye ne-composite imathiriyeli yesanti-sandblasting: unyango olurhabaxa umphezulu ukomeleza ukomelela kwebhondi.
Ⅳ. Isishwankathelo
Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji ye-sandblasting kunye neshishini lokuvelisa eliya ngokubhekiselele ekuchanekeni okuphezulu kunye nokukhuselwa okuphezulu kokusingqongileyo, izinto zendabuko ze-sandblasting azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeenkqubo eziphezulu. I-silicon emnyama, njenge-abrasive esebenzayo enamandla amakhulu, ukubonakalisa okuphantsi, ukucoceka okuphezulu kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo, iba yinto ebalulekileyo yokuphucula kwishishini le-sandblasting. Nokuba kukwimveliso echanekileyo, i-optical matte, okanye kusetyenzwe ngesixhobo sombane, isixhobo somoya we-aerospace kunye neminye imimandla, i-silicon emnyama ibonise ithemba elibanzi losetyenziso.