Intshayelelo kunye nosetyenziso lweCerium oxide
I. Isishwankathelo seMveliso
I-Cerium oxide (CeO₂), ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-cerium dioxide,yioksidi yezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba icerium, enembonakalo emthubi ukuya komhlophe. Njengommeli obalulekileyo weekhompawundi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo, i-cerium oxide isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-glass polishing, ukucocwa kwe-exhaust yemoto, ii-ceramics ze-elektroniki, amandla amatsha kunye nezinye iindawo ngenxa yeempawu zayo zeekhemikhali ezikhethekileyo kunye neempawu zokuvuselela. Indawo yayo yokunyibilika imalunga ne-2400℃, inozinzo oluhle lweekhemikhali, ayinyibiliki emanzini, kwaye inokuhlala izinzile phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nemekobume eyomeleleyo ye-oxidizing.
Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso,i-cerium oxidengokuqhelekileyo ikhutshwe kwi-cerium-containing minerals (efana ne-fluorocarbon cerium ore kunye ne-monazite) kwaye ifunyenwe nge-acid leaching, i-extraction, imvula, i-calcination kunye nezinye iinkqubo. Ngokutsho kobunyulu kunye nobukhulu be-particle, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-polish grade, i-catalytic grade, ibakala le-elektroniki kunye ne-nano-grade grade, phakathi kwayo i-nano cerium oxide ephezulu yokucoceka iyona nto ingundoqo kwizicelo eziphezulu.
II. Iimpawu zeMveliso
Ukusebenza kakuhle kokupholisha:I-Cerium oxideinekhono lokupholisha ngamachiza, elinokususa ngokukhawuleza iziphene zeglasi kunye nokuphucula umphezulu.
Isakhono esinamandla se-redox: Inguqu ebuyiselwa umva phakathi kwe-Ce⁴⁺ kunye ne-Ce³⁺ inika indawo yokugcina i-oksijini eyodwa kunye nomsebenzi wokukhulula, ngakumbi ulungele ukusabela kwe-catalytic.
Ukuzinza okuqinileyo kweekhemikhali: Akulula ukusabela nge-acids ezininzi kunye neziseko, kwaye unokugcina ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.
Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: Indawo ephezulu yokunyibilika kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal yenza ukuba ifaneleke kwiinkqubo zokushisa eziphezulu kunye neekeramics ze-elektroniki.
Ubungakanani beqhekeza elinokulawulwa: Ubungakanani bemveliso bunokulungiswa ukusuka kwi-micron ukuya kwi-nanometer ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zoshishino.
III. Iindawo zesicelo eziphambili
1. Iglasi kunye ne-optical polishing
I-Cerium oxide ipolishi yokupholisha yeyona nto iphambili yokusetyenzwa kweglasi yanamhlanje. Isenzo salo somatshini wemichiza sinokususa ngokufanelekileyo imikrwelo emincinci kwaye yenze isiphumo sesibuko. Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwi:
Ukucocwa kweefowuni eziphathwayo kunye nezikrini zekhompyuter;
Ukugaya ngokuchanekileyo kweelensi eziphezulu ze-optical kunye neekhamera zekhamera;
Ukunyangwa komphezulu kwezikrini zeLCD kunye neglasi yeTV;
Ikristale echanekileyo kunye nokulungiswa kwemveliso yeglasi.
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinto zokupolisha zentsimbi yesiko, i-cerium oxide inesantya esikhawulezayo sokupholisha, ukukhanya okuphezulu komphezulu, kunye nobomi benkonzo ende.
2. I-Automobile exhaust catalyst
I-Cerium oxide licandelo eliphambili kwi-auto-way catalysts. Inokugcina ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ikhulule ioksijini, iqonde uguqulo olunamandla lwecarbon monoxide (CO), initrogen oxides (NOₓ) kunye neehydrocarbons (HC), ngaloo ndlela inciphisa ukukhutshwa kongcoliseko lwemoto kunye nokuhlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yokusingqongileyo.
3. Amandla amatsha kunye neeseli zamafutha
I-Nano cerium oxide inokuphucula kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kunye nokuqina kweebhetri njenge-electrolytes okanye imathiriyeli ye-interlayer kwiiseli zamafutha e-oxide eqinile (SOFC). Ngelo xesha, i-cerium oxide ibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwiinkalo ze-hydrogen catalytic decomposition kunye ne-lithium-ion additives yebhetri.
4. Iiseramikhi ze-elektroniki kunye nezongezo zeglasi
Njengomathiriyeli okrwada obalulekileyo kwiiseramikhi zombane, i-cerium oxide ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-capacitors, i-thermistors, izixhobo zokucoca i-optical, njl. Xa ifakwe kwiglasi, inokudlala indima kwi-decolorization, ukuphuculwa kwe-transparency, kunye nokukhusela i-UV, kunye nokuphucula ukuqina kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo zeglasi.
5. Izithambiso kunye nezinto zokukhusela
I-Nano cerium oxide particles inokufunxa imitha ye-ultraviolet kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kwi-sunscreens kunye nemveliso yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba. Zineenzuzo zokuzinza kwe-inorganic kwaye azibandakanyi lula ulusu. Kwangaxeshanye, yongezwa kwiingubo zemizi-mveliso ukuqinisa ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye namandla okuchasa ukuguga.
6. Ulawulo lokusingqongileyo kunye nekhemikhali catalysis
I-Cerium oxide inezicelo ezibalulekileyo ekucoceni igesi yenkunkuma, i-sewage catalytic oxidation kunye nezinye iindawo. Umsebenzi wayo ophezulu we-catalytic wenza ukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezifana nokuqhekeka kwepetroleum kunye ne-chemical synthesis.
IV. Indlela yophuhliso
Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwamandla amatsha, i-optics, ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye namanye amashishini, imfuno yei-cerium oxideiyaqhubeka ikhula. Izalathiso eziphambili zophuhliso kwixesha elizayo ziquka:
I-Nano- kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu: ukuphucula indawo ethile yendawo kunye nomsebenzi wokuphendula we-cerium oxide ngokusebenzisa i-nanotechnology.
Izinto zokupolisha eziluhlaza kunye nokusingqongileyo: phuhlisa ungcoliseko oluphantsi, umgubo wokupholisha wokubuyisela umva wokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo.
Ukwandiswa kwentsimi yamandla amatsha: Kukho ithemba lentengiso ebanzi kumandla e-hydrogen, iiseli zepetroli, kunye nezinto zokugcina amandla.
Resource recycling: Yomeleza ukubuyiswa komhlaba okunqabileyo komgubo wokugulisa inkunkuma kunye ne-exhaust catalyst ukunciphisa inkunkuma yobutyebi.
V. Isiphelo
Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okugqwesileyo kokupholisha, umsebenzi we-catalytic kunye nokuzinza, i-cerium oxide iye yaba yinto ebalulekileyo yokulungiswa kweglasi, unyango lokukhupha iimoto, ii-ceramics ze-elektroniki kunye namashishini amatsha amandla. Ngokuqhubela phambili kwetheknoloji kunye nokukhula kwemfuno yamashishini ahlaza, umda wesicelo se-cerium oxide uya kwandiswa ngakumbi, kwaye ixabiso lemarike kunye namandla ophuhliso aya kuba nasiphelo.