Xa kufikwa ekuqhumiseni isanti, iingcali ezinamava kweli candelo ziyazi ukuba "ngumsebenzi ochanekileyo" ekunyangweni komphezulu. Ingakumbi xa usebenzisai-alumina emhlophe exutyiweyonjengoko irhabaxa, ifuna ubuchule namava. Kwiminyaka edlulileyo, ndisebenza kwindawo yokusebenzela, ndibone abasebenzi abaninzi abatsha besokola nale nkqubo, nto leyo eyandenza ndaqonda ukuba ishishini lethu lifuna ngokwenene inkqubo yokusebenza esemgangathweni. Namhlanje, ndiza kwabelana ngamava am eminyaka kwaye ndixoxe ngobunzima bokuqhumisa isanti ye-alumina emhlophe exutywe kakuhle.
I. Ukulungiselela: Ukulola Izembe Ngaphambi Kokugawula Imithi
Ukulungiselela kakuhle kwenza inkqubo yokuqhumisa isanti ibe lula kakhulu. I-alumina emhlophe exutyiweyo yinto eqinileyo neqinileyo, kodwa ayinakusetyenziswa ngokungakhethiyo. Okokuqala, izinto kufuneka zihlolwe ngononophelo. Vula ibhegi yokupakisha uze uthathe isandla ukuze uyihlole. Amasuntswana e-alumina amhlophe axutyiweyo asemgangathweni ophezulu kufuneka afane, abe nombala omhlophe, ocacileyo kancinci, kwaye kungabikho kungcola okubonakalayo. Ukuba umbala ungwevu okanye ubungakanani besuntswana abuhambelani, kukho ingxaki ngaloo nqwaba yezinto. Ukuhlolwa kwezixhobo nako kubalulekile. Igeyiji yoxinzelelo lwe-air compressor kufuneka ibe ngaphakathi koluhlu lwe-0.6-0.8 MPa. Uxinzelelo olungagungqiyo luya kubangela ukuqhumisa okungalinganiyo, njengesandla esishukumayo ngelixa upeyinta. I-nozzle yokutshiza ifuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo; nge-abrasives eqinileyo efana ne-alumina emhlophe exutyiweyo, ukuguguleka kwe-nozzle kukhawuleza kakhulu kunezinye izinto. Ndicebisa ngokubanzi ukuba uyijonge rhoqo emva kweeyure ezingama-40 zomsebenzi, kwaye uyitshintshe ukuba ukuguguleka kudlula isinye kwishumi sobubanzi bangaphakathi.
Amanyathelo okuzikhusela abalulekile kukhuseleko, kungekuphela nje ekuboniseni. Iseti epheleleyo yeempahla zokuzikhusela, iiglasi zokhuseleko, kunye nemaski yothuli zonke ziyimfuneko. Ndibabonile abasebenzi abancinci bezama ukonga ixesha ngokunganxibi iiglasi zokhuseleko, kwaye isuntswana lesanti elijikajikayo liphantse lawabetha esweni. Esinye seziganeko ezinjalo sininzi kakhulu.
II. Inkqubo Yokusebenza: Ukuchaneka Kwinyathelo Ngalinye
Ukuseta iparameter "yinkwenkwezi ekhokelayo" yokuqhumisa isanti. Ukukhethai-corundum grit emhlopheUbungakanani buxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zesixhobo somsebenzi – i-grit erhabaxa (20-40 mesh) ifanelekile ukususa isikali se-oxide etyebileyo, i-grit ephakathi (60-80 mesh) ifanelekile kunyango lomphezulu ngokubanzi, kwaye i-grit encinci (100 mesh nangaphezulu) ifanelekile kwiindawo ezichanekileyo. I-engile kunye nomgama nazo zibalulekile: i-spray gun kunye nomphezulu wesixhobo somsebenzi kufuneka zibe kwi-engile ye-60-80 degrees, kwaye umgama kufuneka ube phakathi kwe-150-300 millimeters. Ukuba lo mgama awulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle kuya kuba sezantsi, okanye umphezulu wesixhobo somsebenzi uya konakaliswa.
Indlela yokuqhumisa isanti ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwisakhono. Xa ndifundisa abafundi bam, ndidla ngokuthi, “Gcina isandla sakho siguquguquka kwaye sihambe ngokulinganayo.” Isibhamu sokutshiza akufuneki sihlale kwindawo enye; kufuneka sihanjiswe ngasemva nangaphambili ngokulinganayo, njengokupeyinta. Indawo edibeneyo kufuneka ilawulwe malunga nesinye kwisithathu ukuze kuthintelwe “imivimbo” engalinganiyo. Kwizinto zokusebenza ezintsonkothileyo, kufuneka uqale uphathe imiphetho, imingxunya, kunye nezinye iindawo ezinzima, uze uphathe iindawo ezinkulu ezithe tyaba. Ukuba olu landelelwano lujikwa, isiphumo sonyango kwimiphetho ngokuqinisekileyo siya kuphazamiseka. Ulawulo lomgangatho luxhomekeke ekubonweni namava. Kungakanani ukuqhumisa okwaneleyo? Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto zokusebenza kunye neemfuno zonyango. Ukususa umhlwa wesakhiwo sentsimbi ngokubanzi, kufuneka ubone isinyithi esingenanto; ukuba kukonyusa ukunamathela kwengubo, ukurhabaxa komphezulu okulinganayo kwanele. Ndinendlela elula: emva kokuqhumisa, chukumisa umphezulu ngesandla sakho. Ukuba uvakala ngathi kugqitywe ngendlela efanayo ngaphandle kwamabala arhabaxa okanye agudileyo, ke umsebenzi uthathwa njengofanelekileyo.
III. Amanyathelo okuzikhusela: Iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo ezisekelwe kumava
Kukho iindawo ezininzi apho iingxaki zinokwenzeka khonaukuqhumisa isanti kwe-corundum emhlophe, kwaye kufuneka ndizigxininise. Okokuqala kukulawula uthuli. Uthuli oluveliswa yi-corundum emhlophe lulungile kakhulu kwaye luhlala luxhonyiwe ixesha elide. Umoya wokusebenza kwindawo yokusebenzela kufuneka ube mhle, kwaye izixhobo zokuqokelela uthuli kufuneka zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Ndibone ezinye iifektri ezincinci ezivula kwaye zivala abaqokeleli bazo bothuli ukuze zigcine umbane, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wabasebenzi wokufumana i-pneumoconiosis. Oku kusindisa imali encinci kodwa kubiza ubomi. Okwesibini, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe izinto. I-corundum emhlophe ayibizi kakhulu, ngoko ke phinda uyisebenzise kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, qaphela ukuba i-corundum emhlophe ephinda isetyenzisiwe kufuneka ihluzwe ukuze kususwe umgubo ocolekileyo kunye nokungcola, ize ixutywe nezinto ezintsha ngomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo. Ukusebenzisa izinto eziphinda zisetyenzisiwe kuphela akuvelisi ziphumo zilungileyo, ngelixa ukusebenzisa izinto ezintsha kuphela kubiza kakhulu. Umlinganiselo omalunga ne-3:7 (izinto ezintsha kwizinto ezindala) ngokubanzi uthathwa njengofanelekileyo.
Ukugcinwa kwezixhobo kudla ngokungananzwa. Emva komsebenzi wemihla ngemihla, izinto ezirhabaxa eziseleyo kumatshini wokuqhumisa isanti kufuneka zikhutshwe, ingakumbi kwimozulu efumileyo, njengoko i-corundum emhlophe idla ngokudibana. Imibhobho kufuneka ihlolwe rhoqo ukuba ayigugi kwaye ayivuzi. Ukungahoyi ezi nkcukacha zincinci kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu zezixhobo, okubangela ukulibaziseka kwemveliso kunye neendleko eziphezulu zokulungisa.
IV. Iingcamango zam
Emva kweminyaka emininzi yokuqhumisa isanti, ndikholelwa ukuba ukumisela umgangatho akukokuguqula abantu babe ngoomatshini, kodwa kukudlulisela amava abalulekileyo. Wonke umsebenzi onamava uneendlela zakhe ezincinci. Umzekelo, xa ndiqhumisa isanti ngokukodwa amashiti amancinci, ndinciphisa uxinzelelo nge-0.1 MPa; xa ndisebenza ngee-alloys ze-aluminium, ndigcina i-spray gun kude kancinci. Ezi nkcukacha zisenokungabhalwanga ngokucacileyo kwiinkqubo zokusebenza, kodwa zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho.
Ulutsha olufunda obu buchwephesha akufuneki luxhomekeke kuphela kwiincwadi zokufunda kunye neenkqubo zokukhumbula; kufuneka bacoce izandla zabo kwaye baqwalasele ngononophelo. Ndihlala ndixelela abafundi bam: “Kwi-sandblasting, udinga amehlo abukhali, izandla ezizinzileyo, kunye nengqondo ecokisekileyo.” Ukubona utshintsho kumphezulu oqhunyiswayo kunye nokuva ukungcangcazela kwe-spray gun - ezi zizinto ezifuna ixesha ukuze ziqokeleleke.
Ekugqibeleni, ukubekwa emgangathweni kwei-corundum emhlopheInkqubo yokuqhumisa isanti ijolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wemveliso nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Kodwa imigangatho iqinile, ngelixa abantu bekwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. Enyanisweni, simele silandele izikhokelo ngelixa sikwakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. Ndiyathemba ukuba la mava aya kuba luncedo kuye wonke umntu, kwaye ndiyamkela abanye oochwephesha ukuba batshintshiselane ngezimvo baze bancede ekwenzeni ishishini lethu libe nobungcali ngakumbi.