Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, njengoko ishishini le-ceramics liye landa ukusuka kwizixhobo zetafile zemveli kunye nezixhobo zokwakha ukuya kwi-ceramics zokwakha ezisebenza kakuhle kunye ne-ceramics ezisebenzayo, ukukhethwa kunye nokwenza ngcono izinto eziluhlaza ze-powder kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo ekuphuculweni kwemizi-mveliso. Njengenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini le-ceramics zanamhlanje,umgubo we-alumina (Al₂O₃) Ingena kwinkqubo yokuvelisa iiseramikhi ezinexabiso eliphezulu ezinobunyulu obuphezulu, ubungakanani obucolekileyo beesuntswana, kunye neempawu zesigaba sekristale ezizinzileyo, zibonelela ngenkxaso esisiseko kwiipropati zokumelana noomatshini, umbane, kunye nokugqwala kweemveliso zeseramikhi.
Ⅰ. Iimpawu kunye neNkqubo yoHlelo lwe-Alumina Powder
I-Alumina powder idla ngokuhlelwa ngokwendlela ecocekileyo ngayo, uhlobo lwekristale (i-α-phase okanye i-γ-phase), ukusasazwa kobungakanani besuntswana, i-sphericity, kunye neempawu ze-sintering. I-Alumina powder esetyenziswa kwi-ceramics zemveli igxile kakhulu kucoceko oluqhelekileyo kunye nobukhulu besuntswana obukhulu, ngelixa iipowders ezisetyenziswa kwi-ceramics zesakhiwo kunye ne-electronic ceramics zihlala zi-high-purity, ultra-fine okanye sub-micron grade, kwaye zihlala zisebenzisa i-α-alumina crystal phase ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lwe-crystal grain kunye namandla omzimba we-ceramic ngexesha lokutshisa okuphezulu.
Ukusasazwa kobungakanani bamasuntswana kuthathwa njengenye yeeparameter eziphambili ezichaza ukusebenza kweseramikhi. Ubungakanani bamasuntswana aqinileyo bukhokelela ekubeni umzimba weseramikhi ube noxinano olunganeleyo, ngelixa ubukhulu bamasuntswana acolekileyo kakhulu bunokubangela ukukhula kweenkozo ezingalinganiyo okanye iziphene zemingxuma ngexesha lokusila. Kwicandelo leseramikhi ze-elektroniki kunye nesakhiwo esiphucukileyoizinto zodongwe, ulawulo oluqinileyo lobungakanani bee-particle ze-D50 kunye ne-D90, kunye nokusasazwa kobungakanani bee-particle ezimxinwa, ziye zaba ngumkhwa ongenakuphepheka kuphuhliso lweshishini.
Ⅱ. Izicelo ezandisiweyo kwiCeramics zeSakhiwo
Umgubo we-alumina sesona sixhobo sivuthiweyo se-ceramic kwicandelo le-ceramics zesakhiwo, sineempawu ezinje ngamandla aphezulu, ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka iibheringi, ii-nozzles, ii-guide rollers, izitywino zoomatshini, imizimba yeevalvu, ii-liners ezingagugiyo, kunye nezixhobo zokusika. Njengoko imfuno ekhulayo yezinto ezingagugiyo kumashishini okuvelisa nezixhobo, imakethi ye-ceramics zesakhiwo se-alumina ikhula ngokuthe chu, ngakumbi kwimigodi yesinyithi, kushishino lweekhemikhali zamalahle, nakwimishini yokuchaneka, apho isiphumo sokutshintshwa kwe-iiseramikhi ze-aluminaibalulekile.
Okwangoku, ubunyulu obuphezulu kunye noxinano zizibonakaliso eziphambili zokugxila kushishino. Kwi-sintering yobushushu obuphezulu, kokukhona ubunyulu bomgubo buphezulu, kokukhona ukukhula kweenkozo zekristale kufana ngakumbi, kwaye kokukhona amandla emveliso kunye nokuqina kokuqhekeka kuphezulu, ngaloo ndlela kuphucula ubomi bokuguguleka kunye nozinzo. Okwangoku, ukusetyenziswa komgubo we-alumina ojikelezayo kunye ne-submicron powders kwicandelo le-ceramics yesakhiwo kuyanda, ngenxa yokuhamba kakuhle kwazo kunye nokuqina kokuxuba.
Ⅲ. Ixabiso leTekhnoloji kwiCeramics ze-elektroniki nezombane
Iiceramics ze-elektroniki zezinye zeentsimi ezisezantsi ezinokubakho okuphezulu komgubo we-alumina. Iiceramics ze-alumina zineempawu ezigqwesileyo zokufakelwa ubushushu kunye ne-dielectric, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke kwii-substrates zokupakisha iisekethe ezidibeneyo, ii-insulators eziphezulu, ii-substrates zokusasaza ubushushu, kunye nezixhobo zokufakelwa umbane. Uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwe-elektroniki yamandla kunye nonxibelelwano oluphezulu lwe-frequency luye lwaqhuba ukwenziwa ngcono okuqhubekayo kokulahleka kwe-dielectric kunye nokuqhuba kobushushu bezinto ze-ceramic substrate. Ii-substrates ze-alumina ceramic ezicocekileyo kakhulu ziye zaba zizinto eziyimfuneko kwiimodyuli zamandla nakwiindawo ze-semiconductor.
Kwicandelo lee-substrates zokusasaza ubushushu ze-LED, ii-substrates ze-ceramic ezenziwe ngomgubo we-alumina zine-thermal conductivity elungileyo kunye neempawu zokufakelwa kombane, zibonelela ngenkxaso ethembekileyo yokupakisha i-LED enamandla aphezulu. Ngenxa yemveliso enkulu yezithuthi ezintsha zamandla, ii-charging piles, kunye nezixhobo zokugcina amandla, imfuno yezinto ze-ceramic substrate zezixhobo zamandla ingene kumjikelo wokukhula, izisa amathuba emarike azinzileyo nahlala ixesha elide kwi-alumina powder.
Ⅳ. Iingenelo zeMveli kwiRefractory kunye neCatalytic Ceramics
Izixhobo zemveli zokuchasana zisasebenza njengendawo ebalulekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwi-alumina powder. Ngenxa yokuba inyibilika kakhulu kwaye inamandla okumelana nokugqwala kweekhemikhali, i-alumina powder ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ii-linings ze-furnace ezishushu kakhulu, ii-crucibles, izitena ze-nozzle, kunye nezixhobo zokudibanisa isinyithi ezinyibilikisiweyo. Amashishini ashushu kakhulu afana nentsimbi, ii-non-ferrous metals, kunye ne-integrated circuit wafer manufacturing asesabasebenzisi abaphambili be-alumina refractory ceramics.
Elinye icandelo elivuthiweyo ziiceramics ezithwala i-catalytic carrier, ezifana neeceramics ze-honeycomb kunye nee-alumina catalytic carriers. Indawo ethile yomphezulu kunye nesakhiwo esinemingxuma ye-umgubo we-aluminazibonelela ngesiseko esihle sokunamathela kwizinto ezisebenzayo ze-catalytic, kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekunyangweni kokukhupha umoya kwiimoto, ekuqhekekeni kwe-refinery catalytic, nakwiinkqubo zokususa i-nitrification kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Ⅴ. Ukuphuculwa kweNdlela yeNkqubo kunye neendlela zobuchwephesha bezoShishino
Ngokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji kweshishini le-ceramic, abavelisi be-alumina powder batshintsha besuka kwiindlela zemveli zokufudumeza iikhemikhali ukuya kwi-spray drying, i-isostatic pressing, i-thermal plasma spheroidization, kunye netekhnoloji yokuguqula umphezulu. Kwelinye icala, ubungakanani be-particles ezintle kunye ne-purity powders ephezulu zihlala ziphucula ukusebenza kwe-sintering; kwelinye icala, itekhnoloji yokuguqula iphucula ukuhambelana kwe-powder kunye ne-binders kunye neenkqubo ze-solvent, okwenza kube lula ukulawula i-rheological ye-ceramic slurry kunye ne-injection molding. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuno yokucubungula ngoomatshini kwishishini le-ceramics ikhule ngaxeshanye. Ukuphuculwa kokuchaneka kokucubungula umphezulu we-ceramic kukhokelele kwi-morphology eqhelekileyo ye-powder particles, kwaye i-spherical alumina powder ingenile kwiinkalo ze-optical polishing kunye ne-wafer manufacture, nto leyo ezisa amanqaku amatsha okukhula kwenzuzo kwiinkampani ze-powder.
Ⅵ. Iindlela Zoshishino: Ukuphuculwa Kwezinto Ezisetyenzisiweyo Kubangela Utshintsho Kwimbonakalo Yemarike
Ziqhutywa ziindlela ezisetyenziswayo “zobunzima obuphantsi, ukusebenza okuphezulu, kunye nokufakelwa kwe-elektroniki,” iiseramikhi ezisebenza kakuhle zifumana isikhundla esiphezulu seqhinga. Imephu yetekhnoloji yemizi-mveliso yeemoto, yezonyango, yamandla, kunye neye-semiconductor imisela indlela yokusetyenziswa kwe-alumina powder kwixesha elizayo.
Iindlela ezikhoyo zoshishino zibonisa iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili:
① Izixhobo ezishushu kakhulu kunye neshishini elitsha lamandla ziyandisa imfuno yeeseramikhi ezimelana nokuguguleka kunye nokukhusela;
② Iiseramikhi ze-elektroniki ziya zisiba ngumthombo wemfuno ekhulayo yeempuphu ezicocekileyo kakhulu;
③ Ukulungiswa kobungakanani bamasuntswana, ukuphuculwa kobunyulu, kunye nokuzinza kwesigaba sekristale kuba yeyona nto iphambili kukhuphiswano lwepowder.
Ihlabathi liphelaimboni yeseramikhiI-chain okwangoku ikwimeko yokhuphiswano olunemigangatho. Iinkampani zepowder eziphezulu zineengenelo kwezobuchwepheshe kwiinkalo ze-elektroniki kunye neze-semiconductor, ngelixa iipowder eziphakathi zisajolise kakhulu kwi-ceramics zesakhiwo kunye nezinto ezichaseneyo. Iqhutywa yimfuno ephantsi, imakethi yepowder ephakathi ukuya kwephezulu kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokukhula.
Ⅶ. Isiphelo
Indlela imboni ye-ceramic etshintsha ngayo ukusuka kwimfuno yendabuko ukuya kwimveliso ephucukileyo icacile kakhulu. Ngokwanda okuqhubekayo kwetekhnoloji yezinto, iinkqubo zokulungiselela, kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa, i-alumina powder iya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi kwishishini le-ceramic elizayo. Nokuba yi-ceramics yesakhiwo, i-ceramics ye-elektroniki, i-ceramics yolawulo lobushushu, okanye i-ceramics ye-catalytic, izixhobo ze-alumina powder ziba ngamandla abalulekileyo okuphucula lonke uthotho lwemboni ye-ceramic.