Ummangaliso kwintsimi yezinto ezisebenzayo
Njengeidayimaniisicelo, ibandakanya uluhlu olubanzi lwetekhnoloji kwaye kunzima kakhulu. Kufuneka uphando lwentsebenziswano kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo ukuze luphunyezwe ngexeshana nje elifutshane. Kwixesha elizayo, kuyimfuneko ukuphuhlisa ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokuphucula iteknoloji yokukhula kwedayimani yeCVD kunye nokuphonononga ukusetyenziswa kweIdayimani yeCVDifilimu kwi-acoustics, optics, kunye nombane. Iya kuba yinto entsha yophuhliso lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kwinkulungwane yama-21. Ukusetyenziswa kweCVD kungasetyenziselwa zombini izixhobo zobunjineli kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza. Oku kulandelayo sisingeniso kuphela kwizicelo zayo ezisebenzayo.
Yintoni into esebenzayo? Izinto ezisebenzayo zibhekisa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezinomzimba kunye nemichiza efana nokukhanya, umbane, umazibuthe, isandi, kunye nobushushu obusetyenziswa kwishishini kunye netekhnoloji, kubandakanya izinto ezisebenzayo zombane, izinto ezisebenza ngombane, izinto ezisebenzayo zamehlo, izinto eziphezulu ze-superconducting, izinto zebhayomedical, iimbrane ezisebenzayo, njl.
Yintoni inwebu esebenzayo? Ziziphi iimpawu zayo? I-membrane esebenzayo ibhekiselele kwimathiriyeli yefilimu encinci eneempawu ezibonakalayo ezinjengokukhanya, imagnethi, ukuhluzwa kombane, i-adsorption, kunye neepropathi zekhemikhali ezifana ne-catalysis kunye nokusabela.
Iimpawu zemathiriyeli yefilim ebhityileyo: Izinto zefilim ezibhityileyo zizinto eziqhelekileyo ezinamacala amabini, oko kukuthi, zikhulu kwizikali ezibini kwaye zincinci kwisikali sesithathu. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ezintathu-dimensional bulk, ineempawu ezininzi ekusebenzeni kunye nokwakhiwa. Olona phawu lukhulu kukuba ezinye iipropati zeefilimu ezisebenzayo zinokufezekiswa ngeendlela ezikhethekileyo zokulungiselela ifilimu ebhityileyo ngexesha lokulungiselela. Kungenxa yoko le nto izinto ezisebenzayo zefilimu ezibhityileyo ziye zaba ngumxholo oshushu wokuqwalaselwa kunye nophando.
Njengeimathiriyeli enamacala amabini, eyona nto ibalulekileyo yezinto ezibonakalayo zefilimu yinto ebizwa ngokuba yisayizi, engasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-miniaturize kunye nokudibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezininzi zefilimu ezincinci zisekelwe kule ngongoma, eyona nto iqhelekileyo isetyenziswe kwiisekethe ezidibeneyo kunye nokwandisa ubuninzi bokugcinwa kwezinto zokugcina iikhomputha.
Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncinci, umlinganiselo ohambelana nomphezulu kunye ne-interface kwizinto eziphathekayo zefilimu zikhulu kakhulu, kwaye iimpawu ezibonakaliswe ngumphezulu zivelele kakhulu. Kukho uthotho lweziphumo zomzimba ezinxulumene nojongano lomphezulu:
(1) Ukuhanjiswa okukhethiweyo kunye nokubonakaliswa okubangelwa yimpembelelo yokuphazamiseka kokukhanya;
(2) Ukusasazwa kwe-inelastic okubangelwa ukungqubana phakathi kwee-electron kunye nomphezulu kubangela utshintsho kwi-conductivity, i-Coefficient yeHolo, umphumo wemagnethi yangoku, njl.;
(3) Ngenxa yokuba ubukhulu befilimu buncinci kakhulu kunendlela ekhululekileyo ye-electron kwaye isondele kwi-wavelength ye-Drobyyi yee-electron, ii-electron ezihamba ngasemva naphambili phakathi kweendawo ezimbini zefilimu ziya kuphazamisa, kwaye amandla anxulumene nokuhamba ngokuthe nkqo komphezulu uya kuthatha amaxabiso ahlukeneyo, okuya kuchaphazela uthutho lwe-electron;
(4) Kumphezulu, iiathom ziphazamiseka ngamaxesha athile, kwaye umgangatho wamandla omphezulu kunye nenani leendawo zomphezulu ezenziweyo zinolandelelwano olufanayo lobukhulu njengenani leeathom zomphezulu, eziya kuba nempembelelo enkulu kwizinto ezinokuthwala ezimbalwa ezifana ne-semiconductors;
(5) Inani leeathom ezingabamelwane zomphezulu weathom zemagneti liyancipha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umzuzu wemagnethi we-athom yomphezulu unyuke;
(6) I-Anisotropy yezinto ezincinci zefilimu, njl.
Ekubeni ukusebenza kwezixhobo zefilimu ezincinci kuchaphazeleka kwinkqubo yokulungiselela, uninzi lwazo lukwimeko engalinganiyo ngexesha lokulungiselela. Ngoko ke, ukubunjwa kunye nesakhiwo sezinto zefilimu ezincinci zingatshintshwa kuluhlu olubanzi ngaphandle kokuthintelwa ngumbuso wokulingana. Ke ngoko, abantu banokulungiselela izinto ezininzi ekunzima ukuzifumana ngezinto ezininzi kwaye bafumane iipropathi ezintsha. Olu luphawu olubalulekileyo lwemathiriyeli yefilimu ebhityileyo kunye nesizathu esibalulekileyo sokuba izixhobo zefilimu ezibhityileyo zitsala umdla wabantu. Enoba kusetyenziswa iindlela zekhemikhali okanye ezibonakalayo, ifilimu ecetyiweyo eyiliweyo inokufumaneka.